Klingon
幻游百科,影视科幻的百科全书
Klingon 克林貢人
戰士的種族
克林貢人的服裝
目录 |
文化
源自Qo'noS行星的人型生物文明, 他們是自傲、並且重視榮譽的戰士。克林貢的侵略性文化使他們成為星際間令人敬畏的軍事力量; 在克林貢神話中沒有相等於魔鬼之物, 但有一頭稱為Fek'lhr的野獸在守衛Gre'thor的地獄, 根據神話, 古代克林貢人在千年前就殺了他們的神, 顯然神的價值比不上缺點。(也許這就是克林貢神話中沒有魔鬼的原因, 都被殺了...)在克林貢社會中, 戰士在戰鬥中光榮地死去並不值得悲傷, 在這種狀況下, 倖存者會慶祝死者靈魂的解脫。克林貢人相信有來世但不舉行葬禮, 他們會以有效率的方式處理遺體, 並確信亡者的靈魂會和「永遠的卡勒斯」(Kahless the Unforgettable)在天堂(Sto-Vo-Kor)會合; 克林貢的傳統認為「第一次能夠拿起利刃的時候, 就是成為克林貢傳人的時候」。克林貢的另一種儀式稱為 R'uustai(結拜), 讓兩個個體結合為一個家庭, 彼此成為兄弟姊妹。克林貢人相信自己有一種本能, 可以從對手的眼中看出殺人的意圖; 如果他們以手背打另一人, 將會被視為死亡挑戰。克林貢戰士會自傲地互相交談, 他們不竊竊私語或保持距離, 站的很遠或竊竊私語會被視為對克林貢社會的侮辱。
生理
在克林貢人的生理結構中, 維持重要生命功能的器官都有重複, 這種稱為 brak'lul的特性使克林貢戰士在戰鬥中有極強的回復力。儘管克林貢人擁有相當先進的科技, 在醫學上卻有許多不足之處, 部份是因為文化的偏見, 他們認為受傷的戰士應該任其死去或執行Hegh'bat (自殺儀式)。克林貢人有多個胃袋, 他們沒有淚腺, 血液是淡紫色的液體。
幕後資訊
克林貢人的首次出場是在 TOS "Errand of Mercy", 並且不斷在原創系列中出現。當時他們的外型就像化了濃妝、留鬍鬚的人類, 從「星艦迷航記」開始, 因為化妝技術的進步(以及經費的增加), 才有現今精巧的前額設計。這兩種外表的差異從未在影集中解釋, 雖然武夫在DS9 "Trials and Tribble-ations"中明說克林貢人不會向外人討論此事; 當三個曾在TOS中出現的克林貢人Kor, Koloth, Kang(使用原始裝扮), 戴著電影版的前額出現在DS9影集中時, 這個問題變得更加複雜。根據David Alexander在Star Trek Creator書中所述, 克林貢人是以Gene Roddenberry的朋友Wilbur Clingan命名。
克林貢 (KLINGON) 軼事
早在「星際爭霸戰」第一季便出現了克林貢人，「克林貢」是「星艦奇航」系列的創造者－－金恩羅登貝利以他在洛杉磯警察局同事的姓氏所命名的。在「仁義之師」這集，克林貢人第一次出現在「星艦奇航」的世界中，蘇維埃政府提供了克林貢帝國的模型，帝國施以壓制且殘暴的統治方式，人民被有別於自由民主的偏激軍事力量統治著。冷戰結束後，「銀河飛龍」和「邁入未來」探討了兩個敵對的民族如何能共同合作、邁向未來的問題，而當時播出「仁義之師」的時候，其中一個種族就曾預言此結果。
克林貢是「星艦奇航」系列中設定最完整的外星種族，他們有歷史、有文化，還有文字、語言、戲劇等等，有趣的是，一開始設定有關克林貢的一切時，凱里斯﹝克林貢帝國的創立者﹞被認為是一個邪惡的征服者，他建立了一個只會征服的帝國，而克林貢人則被描述為「只會用武力拿走他們想要的」。還好，一切之前的設定只是人類對他們的誤解，在學習到更多的克林貢歷史與文化後，人類對凱里斯在克林貢歷史的地位已經改觀了，而現在我們知道克林貢人認為他是偉大的戰士，他的確征服了其它的地方，但他也是給克林貢人民榮譽的法典與統一克林貢帝國的人，直到現在還是影響著每個克林貢人的生活。以下便是克林貢帝國的簡史，所用的年份都已換成地球年。
四億年前，克林貢的母星「克諾斯」開始出現文明，到了西元 625 年，偉大的戰士凱里斯領導克林貢人民打敗暴君莫洛和怪物費克拉﹝守著地獄之門的生物﹞。凱里斯訂制以榮譽為依歸的法典，凱里斯要離開時指著天上的一顆星說他會在那兒，而有一天他會再回來領導克林貢人民。
西元 1372 年，克諾斯遭扈克族入侵，凱里斯親製的榮譽之刀在戰爭中消失，克林貢帝國一直到西元 2069 年才取消皇帝制度，開始由「克林貢高等議會」管理。西元 2218 年第一次和星際聯邦接觸，五年後便進入交戰狀態，而在西元 2242 年又和星際聯邦在薛曼星系間為領域問題而戰，稱為「多納圖五號戰役」。西元 2268 年與羅慕蘭和星際聯邦在「林帕斯三號」建立殖民地。克林貢人不只和星際聯邦打仗，西元 2271 年的「克拉奇－德凱－布拉克戰役」柯爾將軍就曾領導克林貢人戰勝羅慕蘭軍隊，這期間和羅慕蘭的關係亦敵亦友。克林貢帝國在西元 2289 年於「柯瓦特殖民地」與星際聯邦完成一次成左熒|談，而且在西元 2292 年正式結束和羅慕蘭帝國的友好關係。
西元 2293 年，由於克林貢衛星因為開採過度而爆炸，克林貢帝國與星際聯邦在基度瑪營區展開和談並簽訂「基度瑪條約」，同意撤離在「亞契尼四號」的駐守。雖然簽訂合約，克林貢人還是不相信星際聯邦，直到西元 2344 年，企業號Ｃ在「內仁爪三號」幫助克林貢人抵禦羅慕蘭的軍隊，雖然沒有成央A但這個行為讓克林貢人覺得星際聯邦是值得信任的。西元 2346 年，四千名克林貢人在基度瑪遭羅慕蘭人屠殺，從此所有的克林貢人都痛恨羅慕蘭人。西元 2352 年，克林貢帝國便和星際聯邦結盟。
西元 2368 年，因為克培克議長過世而引起一場內戰，最後由高藍當上議長，隔年，偉大的凱里斯終於復活，再度成為皇帝與人民的精神象徵，克林貢帝國依然由高藍治理。西元 2370 年，高藍任命柯爾為駐瓦肯大使，兩年後進攻卡達西帝國。高藍宣佈不再遵守基度瑪條約並向星際聯邦宣戰，不過隔年又重新和星際聯邦結盟，派艦隊駐守「深太空九號」太空站，總司令為馬托克。高藍終於因為領導不周而在西元 2375 年被武夫殺死，由馬托克繼任議長，歷史還再繼續。
除了詳細的歷史與傳說，最令人覺得不可思議的創造就是克林貢文字，克林貢出現文明後，各個地方為了溝通，幾乎都發展出一套自己部落才聽得懂的語言，這些統稱為古語﹝no' Hol﹞，古語通常會出現在歌詞、詩或歌劇中，而諺語也有很多都是由古語寫成的，例如「今日是赴死的好日子」，翻成現在的克林貢文是「Heghlu' meH QaQ jajvam」，但它真正的古語卻是「mova' 'aqI' ruStaq」，完全是不一樣的單字和文法。凱里斯創立克林貢帝國後，他希望能統一語言。人民一致表示由凱里斯那一族所說的語言為帝國語﹝ta' Hol﹞，這是當時帝國的官方語，但方言﹝古語﹞其實還是存在著。克林貢帝國一直到了取消皇帝制度並開始由「克林貢高等議會」管理後，議會才整合地方方言和帝國語創造出克林貢語﹝tlhIngan Hol﹞，也就是目前全克林貢使用的語言，但地方方言還是一直留傳著，除了在正式場合外，一般民眾還是說方言。
但真正的克林貢語其實是由美國加州大學柏克萊分校的語言學博士－－馬克烏克蘭發明的。在「星際爭霸戰」的「扎手貨」一集是首先聽到「克林貢語」這個名詞的一集，但整個「星際爭霸戰」全部播畢後也沒有人聽過克林貢語，一直到電影第一集「星艦迷航記」播出，我們才聽到了部份克林貢語，其實這是亂唸的，但到了電影第三集「石破天驚」，派拉蒙電影公司找來烏克蘭博士，希望他能發明一套真正的語言讓克林貢演員可以使用，就這樣，一個虛擬的語言誕生了！
烏克蘭博士從「星艦迷航記」裡的克林貢語挑出一些既有的音，再加上自己發明的音，創造出二十六個克林貢字母﹝其中一個字母不發音﹞，他以「受詞－動詞－主詞」為基本句型，配上六類名詞字尾和十類動詞字尾，再加上一類動詞字首，發明出完整的克林貢語。現在「克林貢語言協會」﹝http://www.kli.org﹞還在運作著，身為顧問的烏克蘭博士也會不時新增單字，更有趣的是，多國語文版本的 Linux 作業系統所支援的十二國語文中，有一個語言就是克林貢語，而美國也承認它是一種正式的語言。
為了讓大家更瞭解克林貢語，烏克蘭博士出了一本克林貢字典與兩卷教學帶，克林貢字典能讓讀者從基本的發音開始學起，接著是文法，名詞、動詞字首與字尾的介紹，最後是一些特殊句子。每個字根都會舉簡單的句子讓學習者更加深入瞭解。書後附上克林貢和星際聯邦的單字對照表，文法部份學習完成後，可利用這些單字用克林貢語寫信或溝通。教學帶是和飾演武夫的演員一起錄製而成的，講授發音、文法和生活常用的句子。
另外，烏克蘭博士也寫了《克林貢旅遊導覽》，就如市面上販售的旅遊書籍，若你想到克林貢帝國旅行，那麼一定要買一本克林貢旅遊導覽作參考。本書介紹克林貢人的風俗民情，有食物、音樂、和一般的生活用語等等，有些地其區方言所指的東西可能和官方語言不同，這些都是要特別注意的地方。書後還有新增的克林貢－星際聯邦單字對照表，讓你在克林貢帝國能更流利地與人交談。
克林貢帝國創立已經有一千七百多年，自然會留傳著釵h傳說和諺語，烏克蘭博士特別推出《克林貢道》收錄釵h克林貢的諺語，以克林貢語寫成，並附上星際聯邦文字的翻譯。每個句諺語的典故也都收錄其中，讓讀者知道什麼是克林貢的武士精神，每個克林貢人都會將書中的字句奉為生活的準則，這是他們表現榮譽的方法。如果你想成為一位真正的克林貢人，或是嚮往克林貢式的生活，本書不可不看！
克林貢語言協會也出了三本書，在電影第六集「邁入未來」就提到：「沒有看過克林貢莎劇，不算真正看過莎劇！」在星際聯邦流傳已久的莎士比亞名著《哈姆雷特》事實上是克林貢人的作品，當年釵h著作被留在地球，因而被改編成星際聯邦的作品。本書重新呈現以克林貢原文寫成的哈姆雷特，敘述一位在克諾斯的王子如何為父親報仇的歷史事件。另外還有同是莎劇的《無事煩惱》和一部史詩，以上都有附上星際聯邦文字以供對照。
最後要提一下克林貢人在影集和電影中的改變，在「星際爭霸戰」中，外星人的化妝經費是比「銀河飛龍」和後來的幾部電影還少的，在「星際爭霸戰」裡，克林貢人的特徵是留著山羊鬍子、皮膚黝黑，但看起來和人類沒什麼兩樣。在「銀河飛龍」和後來的電影，克林貢人的前額明顯地呈山脊狀，並擁有特殊的臉部特徵，這個大幅地改變反應出編劇花很多的金錢在製作外星人的化妝上。一些人仍然希望有一個「科學上」的解釋，為什麼現在的克林貢人和以前的克林貢人不一樣，之後在「星艦前傳」真的就把這段故事演出來，這也是當初四十年前的編劇沒有想到的吧！
Species: Klingon
Description: Planet: Q'onoS (Kronos, the Klingon homeworld).
The well-statured warrior race has a genetic predisposition to hostility and a well-known streak of fatalism; Lieutenant Worf says that Klingons do not like to be "probed" by empathic species. The culture's warrior ethic runs so deep that rivals in the civil war can meet and drink as equal fighters for periods of time before or after battles, thanks to the Capitol City's neutrality. During these get-togethers, a great deal of growling, wrestling, snarling and generally loud revelry takes place, Klingons seeming to derive tremendous satisfaction from drinking with their enemies on the night before a battle. A beard is a symbol of courage; a hammer is a symbol of power. A true warrior fights to the death and would rather be killed than taken hostage — an act which brings dishonor on himself and his family for three generations. Their most important historic symbol of leadership, Kahless, said Klingons should fight not just to spill blood but to enrich the spirit. Their scientists are not highly regarded in the culture. Shattering the cranial exoskeleton at the tricipital lobe brings instant death.
In the traditional sense, the Klingon people hold honor above life — although as with any culture, high-level politics and personal gain get in the way. In Klingon culture, lower-ranked officers consider it a duty to kill off a superior who is perceived as weak. Klingons notoriously neither surrender nor bluff, although Chief Engineer La Forge is skeptical of that based on Lieutenant Worf's seemingly impenetrable "poker face" during their poker games on board the U.S.S. Enterprise NCC-1701-D.
The Klingon Klag on board the Pagh admits he does not speak to his father, who is slowly dying on the homeworld without honor after escaping from victorious Romulans who would not allow him to die as a Klingon should die — in battle. Klingon language had no word for the concept of "peacemaker" until Ramatisian mediator Riva negotiated the early United Federation of Planets-Klingon treaties just decades ago. Warriors and their families are responsible for each other's actions; a challenge to clear a family's name, such as Lieutenant Worf's, ends in death if unsuccessful. They believe that death is an experience best shared and view it as a joyful time for one who falls in the line of duty and earns a place among the honored dead, celebrating the release of a dead spirit rather than grieving over what they consider to be the empty shell of the body. One of the most honorable deaths is a kamikaze-like suicide that takes an enemy's life with it. Viewed through their Spartan perspective, illness (especially terminal) is not honorable; one is not supposed to faint, at least as an adult, a bias that leads to a lack of both research and sympathy for such patients; usually cases of paralysis such as Lieutenant Worf's are left to die — or to perform the ritual suicide Hegh'bat. Of course, half-human Federation emissary, K'Ehleyr thought it was just more "Klingon nonsense" and "dumb ideas about honor."
Lieutenant Worf says Earth and humanoid females like the Edo are too fragile for what his race considers love, although that would likely apply to a Klingon of either gender with a human mate. A roaring yell akin to the death wail is the Klingon female's mating call, Lieutenant Worf says, followed by their hurling of heavy objects and clawing. The male responds by reading love poetry — and ducking a lot; a form of dominance/submission is seen when he is given a Klingon female thanks to Commander Riker's temporary Q powers; she is donned in leather accessories and some armor, she seems jealous of Yar, takes a strong slap from Worf and comes back on her knees — defiantly growling. The actual act of love can be intermingled with pain and include the Klingons' highly developed sense of smell; once aroused, the combat as well as passion instinct appears hard to quell: it takes a sharp command to snap Lieutenant Worf and later K'Ehleyr out of their bloodrush. Klingons usually mate for life, celebrated with a solemn Oath of Union, most often in private, rather than in a public ceremony like marriage; judging by Lieutenant Worf's initial issuance of the Oath of Union to K'Ehleyr, the Oath doesn't appear include much talking, and no dancing or crying as in human weddings. If Lieutenant Worf is any example, male chauvinism is much more pronounced in mainstream Klingon society than among humans; women cannot sit on the High Council, so even the powerful Duras sisters, Lursa and B'Etor, must find a puppet nephew to rule through.
Lieutenant Worf echoes the modern Klingon attitude toward Romulans when he says the enemy "considers humans and Klingons a waste of skin"; Romulans and Klingons having been "blood enemies" for 75 years (or since about 2292), after an extremely brief alliance. Klingons apparently hold the Ferengi with almost as much disdain as they do Romulans, thinking them loud of talk, yet weak in action. Klingon officers do not let their children live with them as a general rule, although "the son of a Klingon is a man the day he can first hold a blade"; Lieutenant Worf allows his son, Alexander, to stay with him on the Galaxy-class Enterprise when other options run out, though he says it is inappropriate for a Klingon to receive family while on duty; and Klag says a Klingon "is his work, not his family." Klingons are remarkably skilled hunters, relying on their keen olfactory senses to pick up and stalk their prey. They eat their meat raw, seasoned more strongly than humans prefer, and find the human tradition of "burning their meat" to be somewhat repulsive. If Lieutenant Worf is any clue, they regard swimming with as much disdain as they do bathing. At least once, Klingons use the United Federation of Planets' Earth-derived metric system. Lieutenant Worf contends that love poetry and the great novel both reached their height with the Klingons. See also Honor, Klingon; Klingon Physiology.
T'kar and Yeto were two more Klingons who had no respect for the Klingon Empire's current state of affairs. Kang fretted that the warrior ethic was lost among modern Klingons who would open restaurants and such. Science Officer Dax said that getting Kang angry at Curzon was the only way to begin to create a bond between the two — a Klingon truism, Kang agreed. The custom of naming godparents or other relatives is practiced among Klingons as well as humans. The Jem'Hadar, Third Talak'talan, expressed regret that his first experience with an Alpha Quadrant being was not with a Klingon warrior, but with Federation humans and a Ferengi instead, both of whom he considered weak.
Despite the disillusionment and disrespect of some Klingons, Klingon honor still counts among the peoples. D'Ghor was not allowed to claim the House of Kozak based on financial debts alone, and he was stopped and shamed while attacking the unarmed Quark before the High Council. Grilka and Gowron alike sneered at financial matters and normally considered them beneath a warrior's time and attention, charging D'Ghor with using "money to bring down a great house"; even so, Quark was able to resurrect a plenitude of complex financial records. Challenges to personal honor are settled usually by personal combat, but Quark used numbers. Klingon females — banned from holding Council seats — are not even allowed to head their heirless dead husband's house, except in special cases. The Klingons must have some class system, as personal servants are used, usually among what appear to be the poor. Due to their rough nature, especially when drunk, Quark charged Klingons double for holosuite use, and then raised it to triple normal cost. The Klingons' profound hatred of Romulans continues.
Although they believe in an afterlife, Klingons perform no burial ritual and dispose of the corpse by the most efficient means possible — although some archeological digs on Qo'noS revealed different customs at one time.
